Which command is used to list files and directories?
a) ls
b) list
c) dir
d) show
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Which command is used to display the contents of a file?
a) display
b) show
c) cat
d) view
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Which command is used to change the current directory?
a) cd
b) chdir
c) change
d) dir
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What is the purpose of the 'chmod' command?
a) Change directory
b) Change file permissions
c) Change file owner
d) Change file group
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Which command is used to view the manual page of a command?
a) man
b) help
c) info
d) doc
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Which of the following is a text editor in Linux?
a) vim
b) notepad
c) wordpad
d) writer
=====================================================================================================================
Which command is used to search for a pattern in a file?
a) find
b) grep
c) search
d) locate
========================================================================================================
What does 'pwd' stand for?
a) Present Working Directory
b) Print Working Directory
c) Previous Working Directory
d) Primary Working Directory
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What is the default shell in most Linux distributions?
a) zsh
b) fish
c) bash
d) tcsh
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Which command is used to remove a file?
a) rm
b) del
c) erase
d) remove
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Which command is used to display the current date and time?
a) time
b) date
c) datetime
d) clock
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Which command is used to display the disk usage of a directory?
a) du
b) df
c) disk
d) space
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Which command is used to display the current running processes?
a) jobs
b) ps
c) top
d) list
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What does 'sudo' stand for?
a) Super User Do
b) Substitute User Do
c) Switch User Do
d) Secure User Do
======================================================================================
Which file contains the list of users on a Linux system?
a) /etc/group
b) /etc/shadow
c) /etc/passwd
d) /etc/users
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Which command is used to create a new directory?
a) mkdir
b) createdir
c) makedir
d) newdir
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Which command is used to copy files?
a) cp
b) copy
c) mv
d) duplicate
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Which command is used to move files?
a) mv
b) move
c) cp
d) shift
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What is the file descriptor for standard input?
a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3
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Which command is used to change file ownership?
a) chown
b) chgrp
c) chmod
d) chfile
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Which command is used to compress files?
a) tar
b) zip
c) compress
d) gzip
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Which command is used to extract files from a tar archive?
a) untar
b) tar -xvf
c) unarchive
d) unzip
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Which command is used to check disk space usage?
a) du
b) df
c) disk
d) space
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Which file contains the system's hostname?
a) /etc/hostname
b) /etc/hosts
c) /etc/sysconfig/network
d) /etc/netname
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What is the shebang line in a script?
a) #! /bin/bash
b) #! /usr/bin/bash
c) #! /bin/sh
d) #! /usr/bin/sh
-----------------------------------------
Which command is used to display the first few lines of a file?
a) head
b) top
c) start
d) init
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Which command is used to display the last few lines of a file?
a) tail
b) bottom
c) end
d) finish
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Which command is used to schedule tasks to run at specific intervals?
a) cron
b) at
c) schedule
d) task
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Which command is used to display network interfaces?
a) ifconfig
b) netconfig
c) ipconfig
d) interfaces
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Which command is used to find files in a directory hierarchy?
a) find
b) search
c) locate
d) query
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Which file contains user passwords in a hashed format?
a) /etc/shadow
b) /etc/passwd
c) /etc/security
d) /etc/secure
=========================================================================
Which command is used to view the contents of a directory in a tree-like format?
a) tree
b) list
c) dir
d) show
-------------------------------------------------------------------'
What is the command to display the kernel version?
a) uname -r
b) uname -a
c) uname -v
d) uname -k
=====================================================================
Which command is used to change the priority of a process?
a) nice
b) renice
c) priority
d) change
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Which command is used to view the amount of free and used memory in the system?
a) free
b) mem
c) memory
d) usage
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Which command is used to display a calendar?
a) cal
b) calendar
c) date
d) time
-----------------------------------------------------------------
What does the 'grep' command stand for?
a) Global Regular Expression Print
b) Global Regex Expression Print
c) General Regular Expression Print
d) General Regex Expression Print
------------------------------------------------------------------
Which command is used to shut down the system?
a) shutdown
b) poweroff
c) halt
d) All of the above
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Which command is used to change the group ownership of a file?
a) chgrp
b) chown
c) chmod
d) chfile
-----------------------------------------------
Which command is used to view the contents of a binary file?
a) od
b) hexdump
c) strings
d) All of the above
---------------------------------------------------------------
Which file is used to configure network interfaces?
a) /etc/network/interfaces
b) /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-*
c) /etc/network/config
d) Both a and b
------------------------------------------------------------------
Which command is used to kill a process?
a) kill
b) terminate
c) end
d) stop
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Which command is used to send a signal to a process?
a) kill
b) signal
c) notify
d) send
--------------------------------------------------------------------
What does 'SSH' stand for?
a) Secure Shell
b) Secure Socket
c) Secure System
d) Secure Service
-----------------------------------------------------------
Which command is used to create a symbolic link?
a) ln -s
b) link -s
c) symlink
d) slink
-------------------------------------------------------------
Which command is used to view the current user's home directory?
a) echo $HOME
b) echo $USER
c) echo $DIR
d) echo $PWD
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Which file contains system-wide environment variables?
a) /etc/environment
b) /etc/profile
c) /etc/bashrc
d) /etc/env
------------------------------------------------------------------
Which command is used to view the routing table?
a) route
b) netstat -r
c) ip route
d) All of the above
-============================================================================
Which command is used to display the size of a file or directory?
a) du
b) df
c) ls -lh
d) size
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Which command is used to display the username of the current user?
a) whoami
b) who
c) id
d) user
=========================================
Shell Scripting
Which symbol is used to denote a comment in a shell script?
a) #
b) //
c) ;
d) ::
----------------------------------------------------------------
How do you make a shell script executable?
a) chmod +r script.sh
b) chmod +w script.sh
c) chmod +x script.sh
d) chmod +e script.sh
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
What does the #!/bin/bash line at the beginning of a shell script signify?
a) It is a comment
b) It specifies the script interpreter
c) It is the script title
d) It specifies the script author
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Which command is used to print text to the screen in a shell script?
a) print
b) display
c) echo
d) type
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
How do you capture the output of a command into a variable in a shell script?
a) var=$(command)
b) var=command
c) var="command"
d) var[command]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Advanced Commands and Their Options
Which command is used to search for a string in a file?
a) find
b) grep
c) search
d) locate
----------------------------------------------------------------------
What does the -r option in the cp command do?
a) Copies files recursively
b) Removes files after copying
c) Renames files during copy
d) Restarts the copy process
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Which command is used to display disk usage in a human-readable format?
a) du -h
b) df -h
c) ls -h
d) free -h
------------------------------------------------------
What is the purpose of the nohup command?
a) To execute a command without hanging up
b) To execute a command in the background
c) To execute a command with high priority
d) To execute a command with low priority
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